fn pub static new(
  a: Int,
  b: Int,
  c: Int,
  d: Int,
  e: Int,
  f: Int,
  g: Int,
  h: Int,
) -> Ipv6Address {
  Ipv6Address(a: a, b: b, c: c, d: d, e: e, f: f, g: g, h: h)
}

fn pub static parse(input: String) -> Option[Ipv6Address] {
  let bytes = input.to_byte_array
  let mut cursor = 0
  let max = bytes.size
  let segments = []
  let ipv4_segments = []
  let segment_bytes = ByteArray.new
  let mut compressed = false
  let mut ipv4_mode = false
  let mut max_hextet_value = IPV6_HEXTET_MAXIMUM
  let mut format = Format.Hex

  # No point in parsing the input if we're certain it's not a valid address.
  if max > IPV6_STRING_MAXIMUM_LENGTH { return Option.None }

  while cursor < max {
    # IPv6 addresses can embed IPv4 addresses, so instead of reading until we
    # encounter a ":" we will also stop reading when running into a ".".
    while
      cursor < max
        and bytes.get(cursor) != COLON_BYTE
        and bytes.get(cursor) != DOT_BYTE
    {
      segment_bytes.push(bytes.get(cursor))
      cursor += 1
    }

    # The moment we encounter a dot we'll enter IPv4 mode, and remain in this
    # mode until we reach the end of the input, as embedded IPv4 addresses
    # must be at the end of an IPv6 address.
    if ipv4_mode.false? and cursor < max and bytes.get(cursor) == DOT_BYTE {
      ipv4_mode = true
      format = Format.Decimal
      max_hextet_value = IPV4_OCTET_MAXIMUM
    }

    # When the IP starts with a "::" we won't be able to read input, so the
    # byte buffer is empty.
    if segment_bytes.size > 0 {
      let int = try Int.parse(segment_bytes, format)

      segment_bytes.clear

      if int < IP_MINIMUM_VALUE or int > max_hextet_value {
        return Option.None
      }

      if ipv4_mode { ipv4_segments.push(int) } else { segments.push(int) }
    }

    cursor += 1

    # We have reached another ":", which is used to compress one or more empty
    # groups together.
    if cursor < max and bytes.get(cursor) == COLON_BYTE {
      # Zero compression can only be applied once.
      if compressed { return Option.None }

      compressed = true

      let mut pad = IPV6_HEXTETS - segments.size
      let mut pad_cursor = cursor
      let mut ipv4_padded = false
      let look_ahead = cursor + 1 < max

      # Scan ahead in the input to determine how many empty hextets we need to
      # add, based on the remaining number of hextets.
      #
      # When the compression is at the end of the input (e.g. "1::") there is
      # no point in looking ahead, so we don't.
      while pad_cursor < max and look_ahead {
        let byte = bytes.get(pad_cursor)

        if byte == COLON_BYTE { pad -= 1 }

        # Two IPv4 octets can be stored in a single IPv6 hextet, meaning we'd
        # have to reduce padding by two. Since we already skip padding for the
        # ":" that preceeds the IPv4 address, we only reduce the padding by
        # one.
        if ipv4_padded.false? and byte == DOT_BYTE {
          ipv4_padded = true
          pad -= 1
        }

        pad_cursor += 1
      }

      while pad > 0 {
        segments.push(0)
        pad -= 1
      }

      cursor += 1
    }
  }

  if ipv4_segments.size == IPV4_OCTETS {
    segments.push(
      octets_to_hextet(ipv4_segments.get(0), ipv4_segments.get(1)),
    )
    segments.push(
      octets_to_hextet(ipv4_segments.get(2), ipv4_segments.get(3)),
    )
  }

  if segments.size != IPV6_HEXTETS { return Option.None }

  Option.Some(
    Ipv6Address.new(
      segments.get(0),
      segments.get(1),
      segments.get(2),
      segments.get(3),
      segments.get(4),
      segments.get(5),
      segments.get(6),
      segments.get(7),
    ),
  )
}

fn pub !=(other: ref Self) -> Bool {
  (self == other).false?
}

fn pub inline ==(other: ref Ipv6Address) -> Bool {
  @a == other.a
    and @b == other.b
    and @c == other.c
    and @d == other.d
    and @e == other.e
    and @f == other.f
    and @g == other.g
    and @h == other.h
}

fn pub inline clone -> Ipv6Address {
  Ipv6Address(a: @a, b: @b, c: @c, d: @d, e: @e, f: @f, g: @g, h: @h)
}

fn pub documentation? -> Bool {
  @a == 0x2001 and @b == 0xdb8
}

fn pub fmt(formatter: mut Formatter) {
  formatter.write(to_string)
}

fn pub move into_string -> String {
  to_string
}

fn pub ipv4_compatible? -> Bool {
  @a == 0 and @b == 0 and @c == 0 and @d == 0 and @e == 0 and @f == 0
}

fn pub ipv4_mapped? -> Bool {
  @a == 0
    and @b == 0
    and @c == 0
    and @d == 0
    and @e == 0
    and @f == IPV6_HEXTET_MAXIMUM
}

fn pub loopback? -> Bool {
  @a == 0
    and @b == 0
    and @c == 0
    and @d == 0
    and @e == 0
    and @f == 0
    and @g == 0
    and @h == 1
}

fn pub multicast? -> Bool {
  @a & 0xff00 == 0xff00
}

fn pub to_string -> String {
  if unspecified? { return '::' }

  if loopback? { return '::1' }

  let ipv4_compatible = ipv4_compatible?
  let ipv4_mapped = ipv4_mapped?

  if ipv4_compatible or ipv4_mapped {
    # This value (256) is used to convert a hextet to the second and fourth
    # octet in an IPv4 address. For example, for a hextet 0x2ff this produces
    # an octet of 255.
    let hextet_to_octet_modulo = IPV4_OCTET_MAXIMUM + 1
    let prefix = if ipv4_compatible { '::' } else { '::ffff:' }
    let a = @g >> IPV4_TOIPV6_SHIFT
    let b = @g % hextet_to_octet_modulo
    let c = @h >> IPV4_TOIPV6_SHIFT
    let d = @h % hextet_to_octet_modulo

    return '${prefix}${a}.${b}.${c}.${d}'
  }

  let mut compression_start = 0
  let mut compression_len = 0
  let mut current_at = 0
  let mut current_len = 0
  let mut index = 0
  let segments = [@a, @b, @c, @d, @e, @f, @g, @h]

  # Find the longest sequence of empty hextets, which we will compress
  # together.
  while index < segments.size {
    let hextet = segments.get(index)

    if hextet == 0 {
      if current_len == 0 { current_at = index }

      current_len += 1

      if current_len > compression_len {
        compression_len = current_len
        compression_start = current_at
      }
    } else {
      current_at = 0
      current_len = 0
    }

    index += 1
  }

  let format = Format.Hex

  if compression_len > 0 {
    let buffer = StringBuffer.new
    let compression_end = compression_start + compression_len

    segments.iter.each_with_index(fn (index, hextet) {
      if index < compression_start {
        if index > 0 { buffer.push(':') }

        buffer.push(hextet.format(format))
      } else if index == compression_start {
        buffer.push('::')
      } else if index >= compression_end {
        if index > compression_end { buffer.push(':') }

        buffer.push(hextet.format(format))
      }
    })

    return buffer.to_string
  }

  let a = @a.format(format)
  let b = @b.format(format)
  let c = @c.format(format)
  let d = @d.format(format)
  let e = @e.format(format)
  let f = @f.format(format)
  let g = @g.format(format)
  let h = @h.format(format)

  '${a}:${b}:${c}:${d}:${e}:${f}:${g}:${h}'
}

fn pub unspecified? -> Bool {
  @a == 0
    and @b == 0
    and @c == 0
    and @d == 0
    and @e == 0
    and @f == 0
    and @g == 0
    and @h == 0
}